Explain the theories of etiology (causes) of schizophrenia with a focus on the neurobiology of the disorder.

Schizophrenia is a mental health disorder characterized by disturbances in thinking, emotions, and behavior. It affects roughly 0.3-1% of the general population globally and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality (Menezes et al., 2020). Despite its long history in clinical psychology, the precise causes of schizophrenia remain unknown. Nevertheless, there has been considerable progress in understanding the neurobiology behind this debilitating condition. This essay will describe some prominent theories that seek to explain the possible etiological factors behind schizophrenia with an emphasis on neural mechanisms.