Explain and illustrate Kant’s distinction between a priori and a posteori knowledge, and his distinction between analytic and synthetic judgments

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was a German philosopher who sought to explain the limits and possibilities of human reasoning. His work on epistemology, or the theory of knowledge, had a lasting influence on philosophy. One of his most important contributions was his distinctive approach to knowledge and judgment. He distinguished between two types of knowledge: ‘a priori’ (from the Latin for ‘beforehand’) and ‘a posteriori’ (from the Latin for ‘afterwards’). He also distinguished between two types of judgments: analytic and synthetic.